The Government Uses Targeted Advertising to Track Your Location (eff.org)

247 points by hn_acker 5 hours ago

drnick1 2 minutes ago

I am surprised the article does not mention obvious mitigation strategies, including network-wide DNS blacklists, browser ad blockers, and not using proprietary apps on phones.

orthoxerox 2 hours ago

That's Scroogled (2007) by Cory Doctorow! Life imitates art, again.

https://web.archive.org/web/20070920193501/http://www.radaro...

cdrnsf 34 minutes ago

I have 26 apps on my phone. Of those, four are Safari extensions, one is a PWA and another I wrote myself. I use a restrictive nextDNS profile that also blocks Apple's native tracking (as best they can) and don't use social media. I feel like that's the best I can realistically do.

legitster 3 hours ago

I work with Ad Data a lot in my job, and there's a lot of misconceptions about what this data that journalists love to propogate:

The location data in these networks is very inaccurate. Your OS and browser actually do a pretty good job of locking down your location data unless you give explicit permission. It's in the ad network's interests to lie about the quality of their data - so a lot of the "location" data is going to be a vaguely accurate guess based on your IP address.

But also, location data is really important to ads right now because, contrary to common perception, per user tracking is very, very hard. Each SDK might be tattling on you, but unless you give them a key to match you across apps, each signal from each app is unique. Which is why you are often served advertisements based on what other people on your network is searching - it's much easier to just blast everyone at that IP address than it is to find that specific user or device again in the data stream.

Bidstream data in particular is very fraught. You're only getting the active data at the point the add is served, but it's not easy to aggregate in any way. You'll be counting the same person separately dozens or hundreds of times with different identifiers for each. The data you get from something like Mobilewalla is not useful for tracking individuals so much as it's useful for finding patterns.

I think it's pretty telling from the few examples shared about how agencies actually use the data:

>"CBP uses the information to “look for cellphone activity in unusual places,” including unpopulated portions of the US-Mexico border."

>According to the Wall Street Journal, the IRS tried to use Venntel’s data to track individual suspects, but gave up when it couldn’t locate its targets in the company’s dataset.

>In March 2021, SOCOM told Vice that the purpose of the contract was to “evaluate” the feasibility of using A6 services in an “overseas operating environment,” and that the government was no longer executing the contract

Something is going to have to be figured out about this data - realistically the only way is a sunset on customized advertisements. However, I would personally not be worried (yet) that the government is going to be able to identify an individual and track them down using these public sources as they currently are.

ducttape12 3 hours ago

Neither the government nor an ad agency needs to know where I am, no matter how "rough" the data is. It's none of their business.

legitster 3 hours ago

At this point, your device is not giving anyone your location without explicit permission. So it really just comes down to your IP Address, which services do need.

notnullorvoid 29 minutes ago

golem14 2 hours ago

tencentshill an hour ago

apopapo 4 hours ago

Taxpayers' money used to track taxpayers and finance the advertising industry.

daft_pink 2 hours ago

There’s literally a flock camera at basically every street location that one suburb borders another where I live.

There’s really not any legal practical way to avoid ALPRs.

I’m pretty sure the government knows where I am 24/7. I’m not going to worry about targeted advertising by the government anymore and just worry about it the people reselling it to non-governments for use.

surround an hour ago

> What You Can Do To Protect Yourself

> 1. Disable your mobile advertising ID

> 2. Review apps you’ve granted location permissions to.

I'm surprised they missed the most important step, which is blocking the advertisers from collecting your data in the first place. This is easily done in the browser with uBlock Origin and system-wide with DNS filtering.

theropost 33 minutes ago

It always kinda amazes me how people panic about gov data use but barely blink at the private sector doing the exact same thing… except way less transparently.

Like yeah, sure, governments collecting data deserves scrutiny. 100%. But at least in most democracies there are audits, oversight bodies, privacy commissioners, courts, access to information laws, etc. There are actual mechanisms where someone can ask “why are you doing this?” and force an answer.

Meanwhile we hand over our location, browsing habits, shopping patterns, sleep schedule, and probably our favorite pizza topping to dozens of private companies every day. Those companies can aggregate it, sell it, profile you, feed it into ad markets, train models with it, or ship it across borders… and most of the time nobody outside the company even knows it’s happening.

So yeah, data collection in general is worth debating. But the irony is wild when people lose their minds over the one place that at least has some governance and accountability, while the entire private ad-tech ecosystem is basically “trust us bro” with a 40-page terms of service nobody reads.

iamnothere 4 hours ago

I can’t respond directly to octoclaw’s dead comment (edit: embarrassingly this was an LLM), but I will just say I agree, it is ridiculous both how cheap this data is and how many people aren’t aware of it. It’s not just governments who can get access, either.

This is another reason why you should not be carrying a phone everywhere except for times where you absolutely need one.

ramoz 3 hours ago

From my experience this data is not cheap from an average consumer perspective.

iamnothere 3 hours ago

Not for consumers but cheap for the people (mis)using it in bulk.

Luc 4 hours ago

It is dead because it is an LLM.

iamnothere 3 hours ago

Wow, they are improving. None of the usual tells, fairly accurate. That’s a little concerning.

SoftTalker an hour ago

ramoz 3 hours ago

I worked closely to some of this. There were strict policies in place to never monitor US Citizens. That said i was focused in more kinetic warfare domains and not sure what would've extended past the borders by local law enforcements (DHS typically dictated no-us-soil policies). But, this is a money-hungry data pipeline of resellers and aggregators and they were always eager to sell more.

zoklet-enjoyer 3 hours ago

How do they determine if the person is a US citizen? I've sometimes wondered if my Google account is caught up in mass surveillance of non-Americans because I created my main email address while living in Australia, though I am a US citizen and only a US citizen. I haven't checked in a while, but I know that even in the US, checking my email on the web it would show that it was connecting to an Australian domain.

ramoz 3 hours ago

It was typically isolated in procurement, only buying data from "outside of the border" - data was packaged by geo regions typically

hn_acker 5 hours ago

The full title is:

> The Government Uses Targeted Advertising to Track Your Location. Here's What We Need to Do.

giantg2 4 hours ago

So they say to turn of location permissions and stuff, but what about the network carrier? Any privacy focused cell services that are reasonably priced?

pocksuppet 4 hours ago

Don't think so - they're all very expensive because cell networks are expensive. You can get a burner phone, only use it as a tethered internet connection for your laptop which runs VPN software.

iamnothere 4 hours ago

Phreeli seems to be the privacy promoting MVNO with the cheapest options. Not sure if it’s been audited or what its guarantees are, but anything is probably better than the big carriers.

giantg2 3 hours ago

Thanks! This looks like what I want

SoftTalker 4 hours ago

Turn off the phone entirely.

kirth_gersen 3 hours ago

Most have internal batteries and are still "on" to a certain extent unless the battery is completely discharged.

iamnothere 3 hours ago

catlikesshrimp 3 hours ago

giantg2 3 hours ago

I get that anything emitting can be tracked and stuff. I'm looking to take a baby step where I'm at least not having every possible detail recorded and sold. That Phreeli recommendation from another user seems like exactly what I want (paired with other things like a VPN of course).

lyu07282 4 hours ago

Israeli malware companies also use targeted ads to use drive-by exploits to infect people's devices using ad networks based on IP addresses:

https://securitylab.amnesty.org/latest/2025/12/intellexa-lea...

The fact that we still just allow arbitrary 3rd party code to run through ad networks is bizarre.

Terr_ 4 hours ago

> The fact that we still just allow arbitrary 3rd party code to run through ad networks is bizarre.

It's interesting to imagine how things would change if those ad-networks were legally liable for their role in spreading scams and malware.

Sparkyte 2 hours ago

Why we need to use pihole more aggressively.

blurbleblurble 3 hours ago

I can't help but wonder how much is being spent.

shevy-java 4 hours ago

We can not trust many "governments". The financial incentives are just too powerful. There are cases of people becoming millionaires after they left politics. Post-retirement payback and kickbacks.

HerbManic 2 hours ago

Yep, former prime ministers of Australia Kevin Rudd bought a house for $17 million. Do have to wonder were they got all that cash. And that is nothing exceptional, we see this in all manners of governments the world over.

pessimizer 3 hours ago

After they left? Try 6 months in.

everdrive 5 hours ago

It's never popular when I post this, but I'm just going to do it again:

"No matter the risk, I must carry my smartphone everywhere and install every app. It would be unimaginable to have the urge to look something up, but then wait to do it later until I'm using a real computer. No negative outcome will EVER shake my deep, permanent need to carry a smartphone all the time and use it for as much as possible."

We've done this to ourselves, and we're terrified at even the most minor inconvenience. It's something I can't wrap my head around, but people cannot bear to just wait until they get home to query something on the internet. They MUST have access ALL THE TIME, no matter the downside. It's baffling.

onion2k an hour ago

They MUST have access ALL THE TIME, no matter the downside.

The problem is that the downside is incredibly small (government isn't interested in most citizens) until it's suddenly massive (government is interested in you.) That makes it very difficult for people to build a mental model of why it's a problem: because in all seriousness it genuinely isn't unless you're either fighting the system, you're a criminal, or you have a level of perception where you can understand that other people are a threat to the government and you have empathy for them or you can see that the government might see you as a threat to in the future. Most people can't or won't understand about that.

You can't really blame them. Mobile devices are useful beyond 'looking stuff up'. Maps, communication, banking, etc are huge upsides to counter the probably very small (if you ignore empathy) downside for most people.

HerbManic 2 hours ago

Im probably to last person to defend the entire stack that is the smart phone but this feels a little reductionist.

I use mine as a phone, messaging, podcast player, camera, a banking device, a little email and occastionally the web. Thats it. Some convience is good, too much is very bad. No social media or whatever millions of apps they constantly try to push in your store of (enforced) choice.

In someways we have done this ourselves but also there is a deeper societal issue. As Ellule and Kacsynski both pointed out, technology is voluntary to a point. But when it becomes a tool that you are practially forced to use to merely keep up with others, it is no longer a choice unless you can figure a way without it at your own peril.

For instance my bank has become entirely dependent of their app as the glue between all their functions and authorisation. I can try to avoid this but it becomes very difficult, it goes beyond just convenience at that point. I do not like that at all, I think it is very short term thinking, but here we are.

I try to avoid a lot of various technologies were I can make it work, I do not have a car for that reason, but smartphones have unfortunately become very ingrained in societies expectations at a blinding pace. Try to limit their use were you can, maybe others will follow.

curt15 26 minutes ago

>For instance my bank has become entirely dependent of their app as the glue between all their functions and authorisation

That sounds horrible. What are users to do if their smartphone breaks?

js8 3 hours ago

It's a false dichotomy. Citizens can have useful smartphones while not being tracked by unwanted actors.

Lammy 3 hours ago

Not with modern cellular and Wi-Fi tech we can't. Base stations literally “steer the beam” to follow you. Precise location spying is essential to the way they achieve such high throughput.

shimman an hour ago

throawayonthe 3 hours ago

kelnos an hour ago

lo_zamoyski 3 hours ago

qsera 3 hours ago

You are worried about THAT?

How about we carry a device with multiple cameras, multiple microphones, and 24x7 connection to the internet that is running an operating system made by an Ad Company, to the most private of places?

zoklet-enjoyer 3 hours ago

On the toilet as I'm typing this

NicuCalcea 3 hours ago

You act like looking random facts up is the only thing we do on phones. My phone is a personal computer, I use it to navigate through the world, work, access my bank accounts and other personal information, and communicate with others. And yes, sometimes these can't wait the 10–15 hours I might not be at home.

nancyminusone 44 minutes ago

For whom are you speaking? It certainly isn't me. My phone plan shares 3 lines on a single 2gb of data/month. I'd have to pay more for even the current base plan, but I don't feel like it. This is because the mobile experience is worse in almost every way.

But that's a moot point, because advertisers will still track you on any device you use.

Defletter 42 minutes ago

Fun fact, generalisations can still exist even if they don't 100% apply to literally everybody.

shevy-java 4 hours ago

I think many people don't know about the issue at hand; and many also don't care.

The more tragic thing is that those who care about it, can not do much about it.

JKCalhoun an hour ago

I have access ALL THE TIME…

…to a Field Notes book in my wallet (and a pen).

gerikson 4 hours ago

There's also the possibility that we, as consumers, demand that the political system solves this issue with robust privacy legilsation that prohibits any entity from tracking our phones.

pocksuppet 4 hours ago

Not all political systems respond to consumer demand.

johnnyanmac 3 hours ago

philipallstar 4 hours ago

We could also demand that the government doesn't use the location data from private companies without a warrant, but elections aren't often granular enough to satisfy individual requirements. Better to figure out a way to create and use a competitor that doesn't do this to you.

pessimizer 3 hours ago

Why don't you "demand" a pony while you're at it?

everdrive 4 hours ago

>There's also the possibility that we, as consumers, demand that the political system solves this issue

This will never happen, but good luck.

GuinansEyebrows 3 hours ago

kelnos an hour ago

I agree with you, but at the same time: we shouldn't have to worry about this. We should be able to have nice things. We should be able to live our lives how we want (within reason) and not have to worry about our own government spying on us and tracking our every movement.

The response to revelations about this sort of tracking should not be to roll our eyes at people who carry their phones everywhere. It should be to get angry at our government for treating us all like potential criminals, and vote out shitheads who support this sort of thing. (Which I know feels damn-near impossible most of the time...)

JohnMakin 4 hours ago

> It would be unimaginable to have the urge to look something up,

It's not popular because this is very reductive and dismissive of the problem almost to the point of dishonesty. Many modern functions need an application and there is little or no alternative.

Some examples:

QR codes - lots of restaurants don't have a physical menu and need a QR code scan. This behavior extends well beyond restaurants as well.

Keys - Lots of cars support lock/unlock and put a ton of features behind an app. While not strictly necessary, it's incredibly convenient if you're in the inevitable (and sometimes very expensive/difficult to remediate) situation everyone eventually faces when you lose your keys, or lock them in the car. Some garages and apartment complexes only support getting in by app, and I've seen this in hotels as well.

Banking - doing many things at banks nowadays requires confirming you are you via push notification to your phone. Lots of MFA is app-based as well. I could not do my job without a phone.

Navigation - I don't always carry a garmin or thomas guide around with me when I'm walking around an unfamiliar city, and it would be pretty ridiculous of me to do so.

Probably could come up with a lot of other things. Without a phone it's not really possible to function in much of the modern world. There is more to the app ecosystem than tiktok, maybe that's the miss here.

everdrive 4 hours ago

>QR codes

Those restaurants are worthless

>Keys

Carrying your car key does not count as inconvenient

>Banking

Agreed, and this is a problem, but you can just do your banking at home without carrying around your smart phone. This is a case where the industry is forcing a choice on consumers. I'm considering joining a local credit union for this reason.

> Navigation

How did people manage this prior to 2007?

gniv 4 hours ago

zikduruqe 2 hours ago

PyWoody 4 hours ago

kelnos an hour ago

JohnMakin 4 hours ago

WastedCucumber 3 hours ago

Just one more example here, which I think is a big one for some people - chat apps. Without Whatsapp, Telegram, and Signal, I can't really use my phone as telecommunications tool with friends and colleagues, because everyone is on them. The group chats are where a lot of discussion happens, so I can't just switch to SMS/calls.

jsbisviewtiful 4 hours ago

> It's never popular when I post this

That's because you're coming off holier than thou and condescending. Anyone who understands gadgets will say phones are highly trackable and will have told anyone that well over 10+ years ago. It's a trade off of value. Corporations/gov can track me while I have my phone, but turn by turn directions, maps and a camera while wandering around are useful. We could legislate that traceability away in the US to an extent, but that would require our gov be working and right now it is not.

everdrive 4 hours ago

I'm probably going to delete my HN account soon. I'm so disenfranchised with the direction technology is going that I'm finding it really heard to be civil and constructive here. I'm not trying to be sanctimonious, but I am quite angry and perplexed at why people have have backed themselves into this corner.

ynac 4 hours ago

FpUser 3 hours ago

butlike 3 hours ago

So print off map quest and carry a disposable like in the 90s. If you don't use social media, the value proposition of a smart phone is incredibly low. I feel we peaked at mobile phones which could call and text.

jsbisviewtiful 3 hours ago

WolfeReader 2 hours ago

johnnyanmac 3 hours ago

Not me so much as my work and the crappy job search requiring you to be responsive at all times. Add in family if you have one.

libraryatnight 2 hours ago

This is funny because one of my major gripes with everyone having phones is they don't really use them for meaningful information seeking. They'll sit in conversation and speculate and invent nonsense, accept the smartest/most convenient sounding nonsense at the table, and move on as if they did not have the ability to look it up on the spot. Then later they quote the nonsense to someone else as if it were something they learned as opposed to made up with one of their social circles.

trinsic2 17 minutes ago

Yeah this is a good point. It would probably be a good idea to have an elective in high school/collage class on the recommended using of mobile tech and why its a concern to to using it to doomscroll because the algorithms are gaming your attention and trying to steer your perception.

MengerSponge 4 hours ago

I don't think this is right. Most people are just not that curious, so there's no drive to be able to look things up.

People don't want to be bored, so a phone with all the apps provides a reliable source of distraction/entertainment.

stronglikedan 3 hours ago

Also the fact that most people (the vast majority even) will never be affected by having their location data shared so they just don't care, myself included.