Show HN: PS2 games statically recompiled to WebAssembly (github.com)
246 points by deadxwarrior 15 hours ago
aceazzameen 6 hours ago
I don't know. There's suddenly so many decomps that run native (granted this post is about WebAssembly). Is there no concern about hidden malware? IMO it doesn't have the same level of trust and vetting that the emulator scene has. At least not yet.
zamadatix 5 hours ago
The emulator scene could have all the trust it wants and it was still ruined 99% of the time by people downloading ROMs from the first sketchy site that gave them a file download. At least here what is made quickly by an LLM can have its source reviewed even more quickly by an LLM for a decent assurance. Age always helps though.
edflsafoiewq 28 minutes ago
Exploiting an emulator through a ROM is significantly harder than inserting some malicious code into a binary.
artisinal an hour ago
Open up the game console with ~ and type “tiananmen square 1989”. The Chinese operative monitoring your game will automatically disconnect.
johnfn 4 hours ago
I mean I’m kind of curious why you left this comment about WASM decomp, which is about as malware safe as one could possibly get!
cbluth 3 hours ago
Wow! You've done it, you found software that is impervious to malicious software!
ReptileMan 5 hours ago
I am already running NSA enabled and Chinese malw... ai agents on my PC with full access. As if it will make difference.
natpalmer1776 4 hours ago
This security nihilism is probably the most relatable sentiment I’ve seen on HN in a while.
Xirdus 41 minutes ago
j45 4 hours ago
It does make a difference.
The price of carelssness is too high of an irreversible lesson.
zuInnp 10 hours ago
All of this recomp stuff is pretty amazing. I really don't like how AI changed my profession, but hey at least I get something good from it.
yuriks 2 hours ago
I really don't like how AI changed my profession, but hey at least I get my programming hobbies ruined too.
jonwinstanley 6 minutes ago
And it will make less sense for big publishers to invest in building great games if people are just going to be able to decompile and run them on their own hardware.
matheusmoreira an hour ago
Indeed. Programming feels so meaningless now, but at least we can replay cherished games natively. I'm doing a video game decompilation with AI as well.
dfxm12 33 minutes ago
There were already a couple of ways to play PS2 games though. Is it meaningful to put it in WebAssembly (especially when we were promised things like a cure for cancer [0])?
0 - https://www.theguardian.com/business/2026/sep/08/ai-cure-can...
exhumet 7 hours ago
same lol. but hey, ive been able to play the xbox 360 version of NFS most wanted perfectly on steamdeck in one press of a button due to the efforts of the fine folks working on these recomps so ill take a small win here and there. ive heard theyve also got the original forza horizon working too. so im stoked.
patrickk 6 hours ago
Here's a guy who put together this recomp of NFS the Xbox 360 version, running on the Steam Deck:
https://old.reddit.com/r/SteamDeck/comments/1x0vzyb/speedbre...
Forza Horizon recomp: https://github.com/arcanite24/pinyon-shift
More Xbox 360 projects here:
mwkaufma 5 hours ago
No mention of AI at all in this repo.
IshKebab 4 hours ago
Not explicitly but it's clearly all done using AI. Read the prose.
Megabinator 9 hours ago
What about compiling the compiler to WebAssembly so it can be hosted anywhere and convert a project directly from a browser?
kodablah 9 hours ago
Mentioned in other comment, but this is what I did at https://github.com/cretz/vitaslop for Vita. Generic ARM-to-WASM transpiler.
deadxwarrior 9 hours ago
yes, and its probably where this should go. The recompiler itself is plain C++ and builds for wasm easily, the heavy part is compiling its output (GoW2 becomes about 670k lines of Cpp), which would need clang running in the browser. The nicer route is to have the recompiler emit WebAssembly directly and let the browsers own engine compile it. I already do that for VU1 microprograms that were not seen AOT. It also solves distribution you'd pick your own ISO and the conversion would happen locally, so nothing derived from the game is ever hosted.
kodablah 9 hours ago
I did similar for PS Vita over the past few months: https://github.com/cretz/vitaslop
But instead of single games, I "built" an ARM-to-WASM transpiler in WASM. Also cool transcoding of WebGPU shaders, audio, and more.
Only have tested a few games so far, it's early days, but works quite well in Chrome mobile on flagship Android phones.
eluusive 12 hours ago
Who would want to play Gran Turismo without long CD loading screens?
easyThrowaway 11 hours ago
A better question: who would want to play Gran Turismo 3 or 4 without pressure sensitive controllers?
Even using the original ps2 or ps3 controller with the right drivers on PCSX2 doesn't really reproduce the same smooth acceleration/brake curve of the PS2.
Playing them on a keyboard or fully digital inputs is just a miserable experience.
sigmar 8 hours ago
>Even using the original ps2 or ps3 controller with the right drivers on PCSX2 doesn't really reproduce the same smooth acceleration/brake curve of the PS2.
why not? if we're at the point of byte perfect recomp of system firmware+games, surely we could find a patch that would fix that in both pcsx2 or this project
easyThrowaway 2 hours ago
Xirdus 6 hours ago
suprjami 9 hours ago
Right analog should be accelerate and brake.
Analog buttons were always a bad idea and should never be used.
These days you can map analog triggers to the sticks for a modern experience if you want that.
easyThrowaway 9 hours ago
sgalbincea 4 hours ago
fwip 7 hours ago
rickdeckard 11 hours ago
wow, how awesome it would be to play those games with Trackmania-like reload-times (if you restart the race in Trackmania, you're immediately at the starting line again).
I assume it would require some additional patching in those GT / NFS games though...
bpye 4 hours ago
Would save states suffice? Because that already exists.
embedding-shape 12 hours ago
Or without the very-much-needed hold-your-breath moment at startup, where you listen to the sounds to see if the DVD actually loaded correctly. You get a ~1 second moment in there where life itself suddenly stops, before you hear the "viump" that tells you everything is OK in the world.
Xirdus 6 hours ago
PS1 was more fun. You could tell it's failing to load before it failed to load. Then you give it a good smack and it tries harder before giving up. You could get almost any game disc to play reliably in 3 hits or less.
ssl-3 12 hours ago
That's easy enough to simulate, too, isn't it? Just pause the game manually at the right spots to make time to get up, make a sandwich, eat the sandwich, take the dog out, walk the dog around the block, and then use the bathroom before resuming. No worries.
ErroneousBosh 9 hours ago
ITYM "Who would want to play Gran Turismo" [Preparing...] <fwsssssssssss rrrmp fssswsss grmp fsswsss grmp fssswsss grmp> <ejects disc, polishes on T-shirt> <fwsssssssssssssssssssssss> "without long CD" [Preparing...] <aw no not again...> "loading screens?"
styleio 10 hours ago
And you lose the acoustic error handling too: one seek noise meant resolve(), another meant reject().
mamonoleechi 5 hours ago
- related thread:https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49991243 (God of War on PSP, recompiled to WebAssembly and running in the browser)
- might interest you, if you like the topic you're currently reading: https://thegamingemporium.com/recent/
anonymous908213 3 hours ago
> This is the sibling of psp-web-recomp and follows the same method
Fucking amazing that this person can prompt to embed an emulator into a binary and call it "no emulation recompilation" and get not one but two threads on the front page. LLMs are such an amazing tool for liars to produce upvotable slop, nobody gives a fuck about verifying whether the claims are true.
Elizer0x0309 8 hours ago
With the slew of recomps these days enabled by AI, How much incentive is there for a game studio to pour their heart, soul and money in a product when it can be easily "stolen" and shared for free...
goosejuice 8 hours ago
It's been 27 years since Napster. People are still making albums and movies. I don't think piracy moves the needle in any meaningful way, not with enforcement anyway.
Laremere 7 hours ago
Look at a graph of music industry earnings. Earnings peaked around 2000 mostly from CDs, before plumiting because of piracy and the transition to digital. To the people trying to make a living, it changed everything in every meaningful way. Sure enforcement happened eventually, but only after setting everything on fire and changing consumer expectations to be unaligned with artists actually making money for people listening to their music (foreshadowing). The industry has maybe only just recovered with streaming revenue, only for AI to come in like a wrecking ball again.
jasomill 18 minutes ago
axus 4 hours ago
sublinear 6 hours ago
doublerabbit 5 hours ago
diath 8 hours ago
People who want to support a game studio will buy the game anyway. People who do not want to support the studio will pirate the game anyway. It's the same reason why piracy does not matter at all, those people weren't going to pay for your game either way.
nullishdomain 6 hours ago
If GTA6 shows up for free in a web browser day one, it will for sure hurt sales. Not sure how anyone could argue otherwise: people are paying to play GTA, not paying to support Rockstar. These older games though, I agree with you.
matsemann 5 hours ago
I don't think that's true. I'm contemplating buying a Switch 2 just to play the new Zelda remake. But I might also now just play an upscaled emulation of the old game or even perhaps a recomp of the remake if it gets made fast.
Aka lost sales.
jgalt212 6 hours ago
Relying on support / the kindness of strangers is quick way to financial ruin. It's about providing a service / product that has value that consumers will, if forced to, pay for.
arshxyz 5 hours ago
Video game piracy isn't new and indie games have always been trivial to pirate. In fact a lot of indie studios opt to put their catalog up on GOG, which is a famously DRM-Free store.
treyd 8 hours ago
I don't understand this framing of recomps using the word "stolen". For most games the hard part and the valuable part is not "writing the code", it's everything else.
fwip 7 hours ago
I think it's less that recompilation is stealing the code, and more that it is a piece of the puzzle to 'stealing' the game experience (the thing that you would pay for).
Emulators + ROM is one way to do that. Recompiling from the ROM is another. I think that for most people, your stance on if emulating is stealing or piracy, will well-predict how you feel about recompilation tools.
ndriscoll 5 hours ago
chaosharmonic 5 hours ago
I mean, how much incentive is there to buy when the studios won't let you legally purchase from them, or at best don't actually consider it a purchase when they do?
Especially when, for games of this age, we're talking about going through the secondary market, and paying potentially hundreds of dollars for a physical copy, without the creators seeing a dime of that transaction to begin with.
vjsrinivas 8 hours ago
The incentive will always be there for games that build an organic community. Good examples are a lot of Valve games.
mwkaufma 5 hours ago
No mention of AI at all in this repo.
iugtmkbdfil834 8 hours ago
Because good stuff will defend itself regardless. If Pratchett or Carlin was alive, I would still be waiting for his new stuff.. maybe even more so in the age of AI. Hell, I am doing a ton of personal projects now and I am still waiting for new divinity, because by know I trust them to do the stuff right. And this is the point: no more corporate slop! All hail AI slop. Second golden gaming age is upon us brothers!
yieldcrv 5 hours ago
The market doesn’t want them to invest half a decade to a decade into games anyway
Anything that shows its no longer worth it will accelerate that industry using newer tools to make games faster with multimodal language models powering audio, voice, asset generation, rendering as well as agentic workflows for the manual work humans would still be involved in
right now, AAA studios won’t do it and their audiences wont want them to do it, but any dedicated indie developer that would have never hired the teams of people needed for those aspects can do it. a nearby parallel reality where AAA do it based on no ability to protect high valued IP now looks closer with the decompilation route
Hyperlisk 7 hours ago
Very cool! I'm working on something similar but am taking it much slower with a focus on accuracy. Mine recompiles into Golang to take advantage of built-in SIMD support.
I've been building the tooling around the PS2 binaries and hope to have a standalone PSS player out soon that can play PSS files as they are encoded, via simulated renderer, and via in-game engine renderer. The future is so bright with LLMs!
krystalgamer 11 hours ago
ah yes, another recomp that still emulates a core system component.
https://github.com/snuri00/ps2-web-recomp/blob/1066c9eea78c2...
popcar2 9 hours ago
It's really getting annoying. There are a lot of people advertising "decompilations" and "native PC ports" that just turn out to be the emulator packaged into an exe that immediately runs the game... Makes it hard to find actual recompilations of games now.
rvz 8 hours ago
This is how you know that most coders that use claude never read the code, nor their own READMEs.
krystalgamer 3 hours ago
funniest one I found so far was "accurately recreated the hardware in software so it's running natively" :P
xyzsparetimexyz 10 hours ago
Theres a lot of lying going on with these types of AI projects. What I want to see is more 100% matching decompilation so that people who dont use AI can modify the rendering eyv glue and port them to new platforms
wasabinator 9 hours ago
I would say it could be less lying and more the various "authors" having not even the slightest idea what their creations actually do.
xyzsparetimexyz 9 hours ago
dmonterocrespo 8 hours ago
This is exactly the approach we've been taking with Metal Gear Solid. We’ve been working on a fork of mgs_reversing (which is targeting 100% matching decompilation of MGS Integral) to bring the game natively to microcontrollers: https://github.com/davidmonterocrespo24/mgs_reversing
Instead of high-level emulation, the decompiled C source is compiled directly to Xtensa machine code for the ESP32-S3. We replaced the PlayStation SDK/GPU/GTE with custom software routines, running on a DIY handheld built around a Seeed XIAO ESP32-S3 Sense.
To speed up development without constantly flashing hardware, we run the compiled firmware image directly inside a browser-based hardware simulator CLI (velxio-cli) to verify serial outputs and execution in seconds.
Having 100% matching C code makes native ports to embedded platforms completely feasible without relying on heavy JIT/interpreter glue.
ekremabiii01 10 hours ago
its still under development, system components will compile to cpu and VU1 modules will translate to gpu shaders
deadxwarrior 9 hours ago
Fair point, the IOP is interpreted. Its the PS1-class I/O CPU, and here it only runs the driver modules a game ships on its disc (sound engine, pad, memory card). The IOP kernel and the 20 core Sony libraries are reimplemented natively. In a God of War2 fight that interpreter is about 2% of cpu time, so it hasnot been worth recompiling yet for me. Its the same relocatable module problem i already handle for SN systems overlays, so its on the list. The EE game code is fully recompiled AOT (a missing function is a hard error, there is no interpreter fallback), and VU1 microprograms are recompiled per game, with a JIT and an interpreter only for programs not seen before. Whats left is hardware; the GS runs on the GPU, plus DMA, VIF, SPU2 and CDVD. Every recomp has to model that part, the same way N64Recomp uses RT64 for the RDP as i checked.
foltik 4 hours ago
Thanks for clarifying, Claude.
khalidkhair 6 hours ago
I wonder how "legal" hosting this would be given that it would require the host to basically distribute the game for free for everyone else
herunan 2 hours ago
Actually, it's more grey area than you think. See 'interoperability exception'. It does break copyright and EULAs however.
Xirdus 6 hours ago
As legal as archive.org collection of DOS games playable in browser, by which I mean not at all. But defunct game studios rarely sue.
deadxwarrior 6 hours ago
i actually developed the project to play my own game dumps remotely via VPN from my home server; making it publicly available is not legal and will be consequences:)
Altern4tiveAcc 6 hours ago
Pretty cool stuff. Seems like the web build script isn't escaping spaces in the game name.
deadxwarrior 6 hours ago
Thanks for pointing this out! i found the issue and fixed it
Benard-dev 8 hours ago
This is good, I didn't know 3DS could handle PS2 emulation.
What's the performance like on heavier titles?
gitowiec 8 hours ago
I will wait for MVG video
CodeCompost 10 hours ago
AI or no AI, this is amazing.
nashtik 7 hours ago
Does this means same can happen for ps3?
TheSkyHasEyes 6 hours ago
I won't be surprised if we see mention of this by the end of 2026.
shan-pafin 4 hours ago
Recompiling PS2 games to WebAssembly is insane. Have you noticed any major performance bottlenecks when running heavier titles in the browser?
deadxwarrior 4 hours ago
the GS was the biggest one, i emulate it in WebGPU compute shaders, and texture sampling alone takes about a third of the GPU time, so at 2x GoWw is gpu-bound on an integrated gpu. On the cpu side, VU1 microcode and the GS front end each take roughly a quarter of the time, so both run on their own threads. another one was synchronous GPU readbacks in GT4, and about a thousand tiny effect draws per frame in GoW2 combat batching and caching fixed most of them, and it holds 60fps at native resolution
simonmales 11 hours ago
No GitHub pages so I can play?
svantana 10 hours ago
The games themselves are copyrighted, no?
rvz 10 hours ago
Yes they are, and Cloudflare gets DMCA requests to take them down.
jgalt212 6 hours ago
Did Sony know ahead of time?
Physical disc production ending in January 2028
https://blog.playstation.com/2026/07/01/physical-disc-produc...
mglvsky 8 hours ago
are there clean-room games?
ultropolis 4 hours ago
But you can't clean room the art and assets.
SIMPL_Language 5 hours ago
When a recompilation of Windows free from all the Microsoft slop?
spwa4 11 hours ago
VERY cool. I wish you could make this work for steam deck (and friends) though.
TheCapeGreek 11 hours ago
Why would you want this to work on a dedicated gaming device that can emulate the titles outright?
Have a look at Decky loader and Emudeck.
captainbland 8 hours ago
I guess it might be a nice way to distribute homebrew PS2 games in a platform agnostic way
corysama 6 hours ago
Power efficiency.
spwa4 10 hours ago
Can't get decky loader to work on my (Lenovo) steam deck
hodgehog11 10 hours ago
FanaHOVA 10 hours ago
deadxwarrior 9 hours ago
There is already a native Linux build (Vulkan through wgpu, SDL2 window, audio and gamepad support), so it can run on the Deck as a non-steam game, and the browser build should work in desktop mode too. Two things are missing, the native host still runs on one thread (the VU1 and GS threads only exist in the web host so far), and since i cant distribute anything built from a game, you currently have to convert your own ISO on a PC. Decks GPU is less than half of the laptop iGPU i test on, so 1x resolution is the realistic target for now.Please keep an eye on the repo update, i'll release the relevant update for u.
fonrex 12 hours ago
I hope they'll be able to do that with Forza too !
anthk 11 hours ago
On the PSP recomp, I wish they could somehow target GL 2.1 video cards (ancient Intel iGPU's) so legacy users like me could play most of the games on an n270 netbook.
fps-hero 10 hours ago
Man, the netbooks were amazing for their time, but even by 2008 standards, they were not powerful computers.
At the time you needed a fairly capable gaming PC for PS2 emulation, which is a far cry from the igpu in an atom. Given a PSP is basically a cut down PS2, I don’t think emulation on that calibre hardware is an achievable goal. An atom doesn’t even have a hardware programmable vertex shaders, on windows I don’t even think they had GL 2.1.
I never thought I’d see the day where an atom would be vintage tech, and people would still be rocking said vintage tech. It’s amazing you’ve kept it running and usable. Modern PCs can’t even keep up with modern OS, and you’re still rocking the good old days of single core single thread. Rock on!
anthk 8 hours ago
'Recompiled' is not the same as emulated by any stretch. Native PSP games could perfectly run under an Atom if they used SSE2 instructions and GL 2.1 plus some hacks to mimick some FX (or just some reduced graphic settings).
I've got GL 2.1 running under n270 perfectly well, up to the point to test Yandex Maps to roam around Prypiat.
Even for emulation PPSSPP was far less demanding than PCSX2.
ant6n 10 hours ago
I used to play GTA San Andreas on an n270 netbook, I believe at 1024x600. Didn’t run well, but was definitely playable.
mathgeek 9 hours ago
pjmlp 10 hours ago
I agree with the sentiment, however it needs to be at least OpenGL 3.3, and take advantage of shaders.
Narishma 10 hours ago
GL 2.1 supports shaders.
pjmlp 10 hours ago
m00dy 11 hours ago
I don’t think it’ll happen. The market is too small, and the token costs don’t seem worth the potential upside.
Narishma 10 hours ago
What do you mean by token costs? Does it cost more tokens to support an older graphics API than a newer one?
dewey 9 hours ago
danxbuild 15 hours ago
Impressive. How are you handling the PS2’s timing sensitive hardware, like the vector units, in a static recompilation? Curious how close you can get to correct behavior without emulating cycle by cycle.
deadxwarrior 9 hours ago
Thanks:) it isn't cycle-accurate, and for the games i have tried so far it hasnt needed to be. EE code is translated AOT, and each block subtracts its instruction count from a cycle budget. Interrupts, timers, DMA and vblank are events on one emulated clock, delivered at block boundaries, so the order is right and the timing is approximate. Most games sync on interrupts and semaphores rather than cycle counts. When one does depend on timing, it shows up as a specific bug i can fix.for example, ran off an HBLANK timer I had set to the PAL period on an NTSC game. VU programs are not really part of the executable; games upload them over DMA. So i record each microprogram the first time its uploaded and compile it aot, and in the browser i JIT any program i havent seen to wasm. The pipeline details games actually observe are modeled: MAC/status/clip flags become visible four instructions late (getting that wrong put blotches on GT4s cars), and PS2 floats, which are nott IEEE (no inf/NaN, clamping instead), are done bit-exact. VU1 runs on its own thread, synced to the EE through the VIF/GIF streams
1500100900 5 hours ago
Are you sure about bit-exact floats? Can you show where Booth's multiplication is done?